| ORIGINAL ARTICLE |
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| Year : 2018 | Volume
: 6
| Issue : 1 | Page : 48-53 |
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Intrathyroidal parathyroid adenoma in primary hyperparathyroidism: Are we overdiagnosing? case series and learning outcomes
Alka Ashmita Singhal1, Sanjay Saran Baijal1, Deepak Sarin2, Sowrabh Kumar Arora2, Ambrish Mithal3, Dheeraj Gautam4, Naman Sharma1
1 Medanta Division of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Medanta The Medicity Hospital, New Delhi, India
2 Medanta Head and Neck Oncosurgery, Medanta The Medicity Hospital, New Delhi, India
3 Medanta Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Medanta The Medicity Hospital, New Delhi, India
4 Medanta Department of Histopathology, Medanta The Medicity Hospital, New Delhi, India
Correspondence Address:
Dr. Alka Ashmita Singhal
Medanta Division of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Medanta The Medicity Hospital, New Delhi
India
 Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None  | Check |
DOI: 10.4103/jhnps.jhnps_38_17
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Intrathyroidal parathyroid (IP) adenoma as a cause of primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) presents a diagnostic challenge in localization and differentiating it from a thyroid nodule. We report here three distinct cases of PHPT where preoperative imaging findings were compared with surgical and histopathological findings. Case 1 was a typical true IP adenoma, as diagnosed by preoperative sestamibi and ultrasound, and confirmed at surgery and subsequent histopathology. Case 2 was diagnosed by sestamibi and ultrasound as bilateral lower pole IP adenomas which turned out to be thyroid nodules at surgery. Postsurgery, the serum PTH levels dropped only partially and PHPT persisted. Revision surgery was performed, and a right inferior parathyroid adenoma was removed, after which PTH was normalized. Case 3 had a preoperative sestamibi diagnosis of left inferior parathyroid. Preoperative ultrasound suggested a left thyroid nodule/IP along with an associated contralateral right inferior parathyroid nodule. Surgery and subsequent histopathology confirmed left follicular adenoma and right inferior parathyroid adenoma. We discuss the limitations of preoperative imaging modalities in these cases along with their learning outcomes. It is very essential that all the involved clinicians, radiologists, and surgeons are well aware of the diagnostic features and pitfalls associated with IPs so as to enable a correct diagnosis and appropriate surgical or medical management.
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